When do we use instructional materials

The Board retains the right to approve all textbooks after receiving a recommendation from the Superintendent. Material purchased for school libraries shall be recommended for purchase by the licensed professional personnel of the library in consultation with administrative staff and instructional staff.

All material recommended shall be approved by the building administrator. In selecting instructional materials, the following criteria should be considered:.

Instructional materials should support the educational philosophy, goals and objectives of the District and the objectives of the curricular offering in which the materials will be used.

Instructional materials should be appropriate for the age, emotional and social development, and ability level of the students for whom the materials are selected. Instructional materials should be diverse with respect to levels of difficulty, reader appeal, and should present a variety of points of view. Instructional materials should meet high standards of quality in factual content and presentation.

Instructional materials should have aesthetic, cultural, literary, or social value. Instructional materials should foster respect for cultural diversity. Instructional materials should be designed to motivate students to examine their own attitudes and behaviors and to comprehend their own duties, responsibilities, rights and privileges as participating citizens in a pluralistic society.

Instructional materials should encourage students to utilize higher order thinking skills and to become informed decision-makers, to exercise freedom of thought and to make independent judgments through examination and evaluation of relevant information, evidence and differing viewpoints. Instructional materials should be selected taking into account instructional materials already available in the District in order to meet the above criteria and in order to replace materials worn, obsolete or no longer appropriate.

Licensed professional staff shall provide for constant and continuing renewal of the collection not only by the addition of up-to-date material, but by the judicious elimination of materials which no longer meet needs or find use. Other criteria as developed by the licensed staff under the supervision of the administrative staff. Persons may request to view instructional materials used in the District by filing a request with the building principal.

The instructional materials will be viewed on District premises unless other arrangements are made with the approval of the Superintendent. Any student, parent or guardian, licensed staff member, or resident may raise an objection to or ask for reconsideration of instructional materials or the manner in which they are being used by using the following procedures. The person shall first meet with the licensed staff member who is using the instructional material in an attempt to resolve the matter informally.

Equity and Accessibility Materials are durable, easily stored, transported and are universally accessible. Materials are easily updated and are adaptable and customizable to match the resources of the school.

Presentation Comprehensiveness of student and teacher resources; alignment of instructional components; organization of instructional materials; readability of instructional materials; pacing of content; ease of use and durability of materials. Learning Motivational strategies; teaching a few "Big Ideas;" explicit instruction; guidance and support; active participation of students; targeted instructional strategies; targeted assessment strategies. Cost The materials used for teaching should not be expensive, as long as it eye captivating and catches the attention of the students then it is an effective instructional materials.

The term educational technology is often associated with, and encompasses, instructional theory and learning theory. The focus is on effective processes to facilitate learning using technologies and understanding the impacts of technology on learners and organizations. Areas of specialization may include distance learning, human performance technology, technology integration and management, media design and development, learning sciences, instructional design, change management, and communications processes.

Practitioners in the field typically hold an advanced degree, Master's or doctorate. Technology in education is most simply and comfortably defined as an array of tools that might prove helpful in advancing student learning and may be measured on how and why individuals behave. As a field, educational technology emphasizes communication skills and approaches to teaching and learning through the judicious use and integration of diverse media. Scholars in the field examine the uses of innovative media and technologies for education, examining all aspects from direct student learning to management and impacts on institutions.

However, instructional aids are not ends in themselves but they are means intended to serve a specific instructional purpose or function Meduabum, However, many of these instructional materials and equipments are still foreign and rarely used in our school system today.

Teaching aids both in print and those of audio and visual types are of fundamental importance to the success of teacher education programmes. Modern teaching-learning demand that the necessary facilities, well qualified teachers, suitable texts and instructional materials are needed to achieve the aims and objectives of teaching at all levels.

Provision or presence of these facilities and materials is of great importance to enhance better and effective learning in schools Ralph, Instructional materials of the present secondary schools level include demonstration charts that contain tables, schedules, and curves.

They are being used as instructional aids in our secondary school now. The government and private institutions in Nigeria are not left out in the decision of building solid education system. These centres shall also be used for the development and testing of teaching materials.

Despite this, it is interesting to note that teachers are almost ignorant of the availability and the relevance of instructional materials in the schools. Teachers find it difficult to use the instructional aids effectively in imparting knowledge to the students.

The immediate effect of this is that it leads to poor performance of students in both internal and external examinations Ololube, , Pedagogy : It refers to the principles, practice and profession of teaching. It can also be regarded as the art or science of teaching, education and instructional methods.

Instructional Materials : Instructional materials refer to the human and non-human materials and facilities that can be used to ease, encourage, improved and promote teaching and learning activities. They are whatever materials used in the process of instruction. They are a broad range of resource which can be used to facilitate effective instruction.